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美國材料與試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)(ASTM)

2016-01-14 11:00 性質(zhì)：轉(zhuǎn)載 作者：ASTM 來源：美國材料與試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)
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美國材料與試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)（American Society for Testing and Materials,ASTM）前身是國際材料試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)（International Association ...
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　　美國材料與試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)（American Society for Testing and Materials,ASTM）前身是國際材料試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)（International Association for Testing Materials, IATM）。19世紀(jì)80年代，為解決采購商與供貨商在購銷工業(yè)材料過程中產(chǎn)生的意見和分歧，有人提出建立技術(shù)委員會(huì)制度，由技術(shù)委員會(huì)組織各方面的代表參加技術(shù)座談會(huì)，討論解決有關(guān)材料規(guī)范、試驗(yàn)程序等方面的爭議問題。IATM首次會(huì)議于1882年在歐洲召開，會(huì)上組成了工作委員會(huì)。
　　由來發(fā)展
　　當(dāng)時(shí)，主要是研究解決鋼鐵和其它材料的試驗(yàn)方法問題。同時(shí)，國際材料試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)還鼓勵(lì)各國組織分會(huì)。隨后，在1898年6月16日，有70名IATM會(huì)員聚集在美國費(fèi)城，開會(huì)成立國際材料試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)美國分會(huì)。1902年在國際材料試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)分會(huì)第五屆年會(huì)上，宣告美國分會(huì)正式獨(dú)立，取名為美國材料試驗(yàn)學(xué)會(huì)（American Society for Testing Materials）。隨著其業(yè)務(wù)范圍的不斷擴(kuò)大和發(fā)展，學(xué)會(huì)的工作中心不僅僅是研究和制定材料規(guī)范和試驗(yàn)方法標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，還包括各種材料、產(chǎn)品、系統(tǒng)、服務(wù)項(xiàng)目的特點(diǎn)和性能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以及試驗(yàn)方法、程序等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。1961年該組織又將其名稱改為延用至今的美國材料與試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)（American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM）。
　　ASTM是美國最老、最大的非盈利性的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體之一。經(jīng)過一個(gè)世紀(jì)的發(fā)展，ASTM現(xiàn)有33669個(gè)（個(gè)人和團(tuán)體）會(huì)員，其中有22396個(gè)主要委員會(huì)會(huì)員在其各個(gè)委員會(huì)中擔(dān)任技術(shù)專家工作。ASTM的技術(shù)委員會(huì)下共設(shè)有2004個(gè)技術(shù)分委員會(huì)。有105817個(gè)單位參加了ASTM標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的制定工作，主要任務(wù)是制定材料、產(chǎn)品、系統(tǒng)、和服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域的特性和性能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，試驗(yàn)方法和程序標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，促進(jìn)有關(guān)知識的發(fā)展和推廣。
　　ASTM的宗旨就是促進(jìn)公共健康與安全，提高生活質(zhì)量； 提供值得信賴的原料、產(chǎn)品、體系和服務(wù)； 推動(dòng)國家、地區(qū)、乃至國際經(jīng)濟(jì)。
　　戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)
　　1、提供最適宜的環(huán)境與支持給技術(shù)學(xué)會(huì)，使其不斷發(fā)展相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大有關(guān)信息。
　　2、確保ASTM產(chǎn)品及服務(wù)是最及時(shí)和準(zhǔn)確的。
　　3、增加ASTM的透明度，擴(kuò)大ASTM標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及服務(wù)在全球市場的價(jià)值。
　　4、加強(qiáng)ASTM的產(chǎn)品及服務(wù)不僅在國家，還要在國際上更廣泛的被接受與使用。
　　5、使ASTM的資源、方法、技術(shù)和設(shè)備更加適合市場的變化，符合市場需求。
　　6、通過主要股東的公平參與以保證ASTM代表多數(shù)人的聲音。
　　7、保持ASTM的基本穩(wěn)定，確保其完全履行社會(huì)責(zé)任與義務(wù)。

Over 12,000 ASTM standards operate globally. Defined and set by us, they improve the lives of millions every day.

Combined with our innovative business services, ASTM standards enhance performance and help everyone have confidence in the things they buy and use – from the toy in a child’s hand to the aircraft overhead.

Working across borders, disciplines and industries we harness the expertise of over 30,000 members to create consensus and improve performance in manufacturing and materials, products and processes, systems and services.

Understanding commercial needs and consumer priorities, we touch every part of everyday life: helping our world work better.
ASTM International is a globally recognized leader in the development and delivery of voluntary consensus standards. Today, over 12,000 ASTM standards are used around the world to improve product quality, enhance health and safety, strengthen market access and trade, and build consumer confidence.

Our leadership in international standards development is driven by the contributions of our members: more than 30,000 of the world’s top technical experts and business professionals representing 140 countries. Working in an open and transparent process and using ASTM’s advanced IT infrastructure, our members create the test methods, specifications, classifications, guides and practices that support industries and governments worldwide.

We welcome and encourage participation from around the world. Our open consensus process, using advanced Internet-based standards development tools, ensures worldwide access for all interested individuals.

ASTM International standards are the tools of customer satisfaction and competiveness for companies across a wide range of markets. Through more than 140 technical standards-writing committees, we serve a broad range of industries: metals, construction, petroleum, consumer products and many more. When new industries — like nanotechnology, additive manufacturing and industrial biotechnology — look to advance the growth of cutting-edge technologies through standardization, many of them come to ASTM International.

ASTM standards are passports to a successful global trading strategy. Our high quality, market-relevant standards, developed in accordance with the guiding principles of the World Trade Organization, fuel trade by opening new markets and creating new trading partners for enterprises everywhere. For businesses ranging from Fortune 500 leaders to emerging startups, our standards help level the playing field to foster competition in the global economy.

Beyond standards development, ASTM offers technical training programs, as well as proficiency testing, and certification and declaration. All of our programs complement our standards development activities and provide enterprise solutions for companies, government agencies, researchers and laboratories worldwide.

The American Society for Testing and Materials was formed in 1898, founded by Charles B. Dudley, Ph.D., a chemist with the Pennsylvania Railroad. In 2001, we changed our name to ASTM International. Learn more about our history.

ASTM’s world headquarters are located in West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, with offices in Belgium, Canada, China, Peru and Washington, D.C.

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